Colposcopy

Colposcopy is a medical procedure wherein a physician examines the cervix, vagina, and vulva under magnification in order to detect abnormal tissues or highlights attached to diseases like cervical cancer or pre-cancerous cells. It is generally recommended when a Pap test or HPV test has detected some deviations from the normal. Using the colposcope-a special microscope with light- the physician thoroughly examines the cervix tissue efficiently. The aim is to identify areas that may need further testing or treatment, such as biopsy, laser treatment, or cryotherapy. 

Who Needs a Colposcopy?

Here are the most common situations where a colposcopy may be needed:

Abnormal Pap Smear Results

One of the most frequent indications for a colposcopy is an abnormal Pap smear. A Pap smear, or Pap test, is a screening test that looks for abnormal cells in the cervix. If the test reveals any abnormal findings, including precancerous or cancerous cells, a colposcopy is usually ordered to investigate the cervix further.

Positive HPV Test

HPV (Human Papillomavirus) is a virus that can cause alterations in the cervical cells, which can result in cervical cancer in certain instances. Suppose you have tested positive for high-risk types of HPV (the types most linked with cervical cancer). In that case, a colposcopy might be required to ascertain whether the virus has resulted in alterations in the cervical cells that should be followed up on.

Abnormal Bleeding

If you have abnormal vaginal bleeding—like bleeding after sex, between periods, or after menopause—a colposcopy can be suggested. Abnormal bleeding is often a symptom of a variety of conditions, including infections, polyps, or precancerous cervical changes. A colposcopy is used to determine the cause of such bleeding.

Persistent Symptoms of Infection

Suppose you have symptoms such as pelvic discomfort, abnormal vaginal discharge, or a history of recurrent infections that are unresponsive to treatment. In that case, a colposcopy can assist your physician in exploring the underlying reason and excluding conditions such as cervical infections or other abnormalities.

Family History of Cervical Cancer

If you have a history of cervical cancer in your family, you might be at increased risk, and your physician may suggest more frequent tests and possibly a colposcopy, even if your Pap test and HPV tests are normal. Regular testing can identify any early signs of changes that will require treatment.

What to Expect During a Colposcopy?

A colposcopy is an uncomplicated procedure that usually lasts between 10-20 minutes. This is what you can anticipate during your visit:

• Preparation: The procedure is similar to a pelvic exam. You’ll be asked to lie down on an examination table with your feet in stirrups.
• Examination: Your physician will place a speculum in the vagina to keep it open, as with a Pap test. Your physician will then use the colposcope to look at the cervix. The procedure might include applying a special solution to the cervix to highlight any unusual areas.
• Possible Biopsy: If abnormal spots are found, your physician will remove a small sample of tissue (biopsy) for closer evaluation in the lab
• Post-Procedure: Following colposcopy, you can expect a slight discomfort, such as cramping or spotting, that will subside in a matter of days

Is Colposcopy Painful?

Although it can cause some mild pain, a colposcopy is not typically painful. Some women will experience minor cramping or pressure during the procedure, but it is often temporary and manageable. If you feel any pain or discomfort, please inform your doctor, and they can offer further assistance.

How Should I Prepare for a Colposcopy?

To get the best outcome, these are some easy steps to prepare for your colposcopy visit:

• Avoid Intercourse: Do not have sexual intercourse for 24 to 48 hours prior to the procedure to prevent any irritation
• Prevent Douching or Use of Vaginal Products: Never use vaginal drugs, tampons, or douches 48 hours before the operation, as they influence test results.
• Inform Your Doctor: If you are taking any medication, such as blood thinners, or if you are pregnant or think you might be, tell your doctor before the procedure.
• Have a Plan for Travel: If you are having a biopsy or are nervous about the test, plan for someone to bring you home or stay with you afterwards.

What Happens After a Colposcopy?

Following the procedure, you might feel:

• Spotting or Bleeding: Women may notice light bleeding or spotting for a couple of days after the procedure, particularly if a biopsy was done
• Mild Discomfort: You can have mild cramping, which is like menstrual cramps. This will be resolved in a day or two.

It is a good idea to listen to what your doctor advises for follow-up care. In case a biopsy was performed, you might be required to wait for test results to know how the treatment is to proceed. Results usually come in a week or two.

Ready to Schedule Your Colposcopy at Apollo Spectra?

Your health is our priority, and we are here to make every step of the process as smooth and stress-free as possible. If you have any questions or concerns, our team at Apollo Spectra is here to assist you.

Book Your Appointment Today!