Fess Surgery

What Is FESS Surgery?

Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat chronic sinusitis and other sinus-related issues. It is an advanced procedure that aims to remove blockages, restore proper drainage, and improve ventilation within the sinuses. This is achieved using specialized endoscopes and instruments that allow surgeons to visualize the inside of the nose and sinuses through the nostrils without the need for external incisions.

Indications

FESS surgery is typically recommended for patients who have not found relief from chronic sinusitis symptoms through conservative treatments, such as antibiotics, nasal sprays, or oral steroids. Some common indications for FESS include:

1. Chronic Sinusitis is a persistent inflammation of the sinuses that can last for more than 12 weeks despite medical management.
2. Recurrent Acute Sinusitis: In this condition, the patient experiences frequent episodes of acute sinusitis, typically four or more per year.
3. Nasal Polyps: These are benign (noncancerous) growths that are formed in the lining of the sinuses and cause obstruction and inflammation.
4. Mucocele: It is a mucus-filled cyst that forms within the sinuses, often due to blockage or previous sinus surgery.
5. Fungal Sinusitis: It is a type of sinusitis caused by fungal infection, which may require surgical removal.
6. Deviated Septum: In this condition, a misalignment of the nasal septum occurs that contributes to sinus blockage and recurrent infections.

Procedure Details

FESS surgery is usually performed under general anesthesia and takes between one to three hours. The duration can change depending on the extent of the sinus disease. The key steps followed in the procedure are:

1. Endoscopic Examination: The surgeon inserts a thin, lighted endoscope into the nostril to assess the anatomy and extent of the sinus disease.
2. Tissue Removal: Using specialized instruments, the surgeon carefully removes any obstructive tissue, such as polyps, scar tissue, or diseased mucosa, to create wider openings for sinus drainage.
3. Septoplasty (if needed): When a deviated septum causes sinus blockage, the surgeon recommends a septoplasty. This procedure straightens the septum and improves airflow.
4. Turbinate reduction (if needed): In some cases, enlarged turbinates (structures that humidify and filter air) may be reduced to create more space within the nasal passages.
5. Closure: Once the necessary corrections have been made, the surgeon removes the instruments and places dissolvable packing or splints to support the newly opened sinuses during healing.

Aftercare

Following FESS surgery, patients typically experience some discomfort, nasal congestion, and mild bleeding for the first few days. To deal with this situation, the doctor prescribes pain medication and nasal sprays. The surgeon may also suggest some other aftercare strategies, such as:

• Patients are advised to rest, avoid heavy activities, and keep their heads elevated to minimize swelling and promote healing.
• They should use saline nasal rinses as an essential part of post-operative care. They help flush out debris, prevent crusting, and maintain the newly opened sinus passages. 
• Patients are also advised to attend follow-up appointments with their surgeon to monitor healing and address any concerns.

Most patients will be able to return to work and normal activities within the span of one to two weeks after surgery. They must note that complete healing may take several weeks to a few months.

Advantages of FESS Surgery

There are numerous benefits of FESS surgery as compared to traditional sinus surgery techniques:

1. Minimally Invasive: FESS is performed through the nostrils, which eliminates the need for external incisions and minimizes trauma to surrounding tissues.
2. Preserved Nasal Structure: With the help of precise instruments and endoscopic visualization, surgeons can selectively remove diseased tissue and preserve healthy mucosa and nasal structures.
3. Faster recovery: Patients undergoing FESS typically experience less pain, swelling, and bleeding compared to traditional sinus surgery. This offers a quicker recovery and return to normal activities.
4. Improved outcomes: FESS has a high success rate in relieving chronic sinusitis symptoms, with many patients experiencing significant improvements in nasal breathing, smell, and overall quality of life.
5. Reduced complications: The precision and visualization offered by FESS help to minimize the risk of complications, such as excessive bleeding, infection, or damage to nearby structures.

Cost

The cost of FESS surgery varies with the complexity of the case, the surgeon's fees and experience, and the hospital's location. In India, the average cost of FESS surgery ranges from Rs. 60,000 to Rs. 1,50,000. However, the actual can vary based on the patient's specific needs.

If you are dealing with chronic sinusitis or other sinus-related issues, FESS surgery may be the solution you have been seeking. At Apollo Spectra, with its minimally invasive approach, high success rate, and lasting results, our team of expert surgeons performs FESS that can help you breathe easy and reclaim your quality of life. Consult with our experienced ENT surgeon to learn more about how FESS can benefit you and take the first step towards sinus relief today.