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Women’s Health - Urology

Introduction

Urology deals with the study of diseases affecting your urinary system. The organs included in the urological system are the kidneys, adrenal glands (small glands on top of your kidneys), ureters (thin muscular tubes which carry urine from kidneys to the bladder), urinary bladder, and urethra (the tube that drains urine out of your bladder). Urological diseases in women mainly affect their urinary system and pelvic floor. These diseases include urinary tract infections (UTIs), cystitis (bladder infection), kidney stones, bladder control problems like urine incontinence, pelvic floor diseases, pelvic prolapse (downward displacement of the pelvis), kidney and bladder cancer.

What Are the Symptoms of Urology Diseases in Women's Health?

Symptoms related to urology diseases are:

  • Cloudy (unclear) urine
  • Blood in the urine (hematuria)
  • Burning sensation or pain while urinating
  • Difficulty in controlling the urge to urinate
  • Difficulty while urinating
  • Urinary leakage
  • Weak urine flow (dribbling of urine)
  • Pain in the pelvis or lower back

What Are the Causes of Urology Diseases in Women?

Causes of urology diseases in women are:

  • Increased chances of UTIs due to the proximity of women’s urinary tract to the genital area.
  • Pregnancy and childbirth can increase women’s chances of getting urologic diseases.
  • Sexual intercourse can also be a cause of urologic infections in women.

When Should You Consult a doctor?

If you are facing any of the above-mentioned symptoms or are facing other issues like difficulty in holding your urine post-pregnancy or prolapse of your pelvic organs (organs of your uterus or bladder), then you may need to visit a urologist.

How are Urology Diseases in Women Health Diagnosed?

Following a detailed assessment of your medical history and conducting a physical examination, your urologist may suggest the following tests and investigations:

  • Routine and culture tests of urine for UTIs.
  • Imaging tests like MRI, CT scans, ultrasounds for an internal problem.
  • Cystoscopy to visualise the interior of your urinary bladder.
  • Biopsy to identify the type of tissue.
  • Urodynamic testing to identify your bladder pressure, the speed with which your urine is eliminated, and the residual urine remaining in your bladder.

How are Urology Diseases in Women Health Treated?

Treatment of urology diseases affecting women’s health differs based on the disease condition and include the following:

  • Antibiotics to treat infections.
  • Bladder training exercises or medications to strengthen bladder muscles in case of urinary incontinence (absence of voluntary control).
  • Chemotherapy to treat cancers of the urological system
  • Surgical procedures like open, laparoscopic (involving fewer, smaller incisions), and laser therapy for the removal of kidney stones, tumours, and urethral strictures (blocks).

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Conclusion

Women are at more risk of developing a urinary disease than men. Your urologist can assist you in identifying your urological disease and treating it accordingly.

What is a urinalysis?

A urinalysis is an investigation that identifies the physical, microscopic, and chemical components of the urine. Abnormal urinalysis can indicate UTIs, kidney stones, uncontrolled diabetes or cancers in your kidney or bladder.

How can I maintain good urologic health?

You can maintain good urologic health by staying hydrated, regularly exercising, maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding excess caffeine, alcohol, or tobacco, and following good genital hygiene practices. Also, avoid foods like coffee, tea, salt, or medications like diuretics (that remove extra water from your body).

What are some complications associated with urological diseases in women?

Skin issues like infections, rashes and sores, recurrent UTIs, depression, anxiety, and personal life disruption may affect your work-life, social life, and personal relationships.

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